A serial dilution Social psychology aronson 9th pdf. is the stepwise dilution of a substance in solution. Usually the dilution factor at each step is constant, resulting in a geometric progression of the concentration in a logarithmic fashion. A ten-fold serial dilution could be 1 M, 0.1 M, 0.01 M, 0.001 M .. Serial dilutions are used to accurately create highly diluted solutions as well as solutions for experiments resulting in concentration curves with a logarithmic scale. A tenfold dilution for each step is called a logarithmic dilution or log-dilution, a 3.16-fold (100.5-fold) dilution is called a half-logarithmic dilution or half-log dilution, and a 1.78-fold (100.25-fold) dilution is called a quarter-logarithmic dilution or quarter-log dilution. Serial dilutions are widely used in experimental sciences, including biochemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, and physics.
In biology and medicine[edit]
In biology and medicine, besides the more conventional uses described above, serial dilution may also be used to reduce the concentration of microscopic organisms or cells in a sample. As, for instance, the number and size of bacterial colonies that grow on an agar plate in a given time is concentration-dependent, and since many other diagnostic techniques involve physically counting the number of micro-organisms or cells on specials printed with grids (for comparing concentrations of two organisms or cell types in the sample) or wells of a given volume (for absolute concentrations), dilution can be useful for getting more manageable results.[1] Serial dilution is also a cheaper and simpler method for preparing cultures from a single cell than optical tweezers and micromanipulators.[2]
Microsoft windows 7 repair disc. As you may appreciate Microsoft offers operating systems that work on numerous hardware configurations and each of these, require specific drivers as well as configurations. In light of this, it is advisable for a user to create their own system image to better reflect their configuration rather than using a standard image that may not be appropriate for the system in question. We would encourage you to direct your readers to these instructions.Can you please tell me who you contacted and what was asked as I may be able to assist you?We thank you for your understanding in advance!Kind regards, PeterSo as you can see, I wasn’t threatened in any way with criminal proceedings, but after a lot of thought have decided to remove the allegedly infringing links. You are correct that Microsoft authorizes genuine customers to create their own system images and instructions on creating these are contained in the documentation found within the operating systems help files as well as several online resources such as.
2-fold dilution is a bit confusing, a better way of describing dilution is ratio. For example, 2 fold dilution equals to 1:2 dilution. Since you mentioned serial dilution, you do this by first mixing an equal volume of bacteria and water (whatever used for dilution), and then.
- Feb 02, 2009 2-fold Dilution Setup? You are given a 50mg/mL solution of bacteria. Explain how you would set up 2 fold dilutions. How would you do the dilutions so that the final volume in the last tube is 500 micro liters? Then, explain if you had a total of 4 tubes, what would be the concentration in.
- Sep 28, 2009 Prepare a test tube with at least 2 mL of your undiluted solution. The minimum amount needed to perform this serial dilution is 1 mL of undiluted solution. If you only have 1 mL you will not have any remaining undiluted.
- A two-fold dilution reduces the concentration of a solution by a factor of two that is reduces the original concentration by one half. A series of two-fold dilutions is described as two-fold serial dilutions.
In homeopathy[edit]
Serial dilution is one of the core foundational practices of homeopathy, with 'succussion', or shaking, occurring between each dilution. In homeopathy, serial dilutions (called potentisation) are often taken so far that by the time the last dilution is completed, no molecules of the original substance are likely to remain.[3][4]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^K. R. Aneja. Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology. New Age Publishers, 2005, p. 69. ISBN81-224-1494-X
- ^Booth, C.; et al. (2006). Extremophiles. Methods in microbiology 35. Academic Press. p. 543. ISBN978-0-12-521536-7.
- ^Weissmann, Gerald (2006). 'Homeopathy: Holmes, Hogwarts, and the Prince of Wales'. The FASEB Journal. 20 (11): 1755–1758. doi:10.1096/fj.06-0901ufm. PMID16940145. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
- ^Ernst, Edzard (November 2005). 'Is homeopathy a clinically valuable approach?'. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 26 (11): 547–548. CiteSeerX10.1.1.385.5505. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.09.003. PMID16165225.
- Michael L. Bishop, Edward P. Fody, Larry E. Schoeff. Clinical Chemistry: Principles, Procedures, Correlations. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004, p. 24. ISBN0-7817-4611-6.
2-fold Serial Dilution Technique
External links[edit]
- How to Make Simple Solutions and Dilutions, Bates College
2 Fold Serial Dilutions
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Serial_dilution&oldid=904833671'